21 maio 2006

Tipologia de Conhecimento Tácito

Emotional TK
Damasio points out how emotions involve learned associations that maintain organismic integrity through leading to patterns of action (flight, attack, and fancier ones) as well as to internal feelings on which we can reflect and act within limits.

Social conventions TK
Societies and cultures typically involve social conventions, for instance for conversational turn-taking, for how close you stand to people, for conventional greetings, e.g. shaking hands.

Unspoken on-the-fly understandings between people TK
Someone mentioned that people often reach tacit understandings through conversational TK. Let’s say A projects an expectation through the manner in which A makes a comment or asks a question, e.g. "Gosh, I didn’t realize it was almost six o’clock." B picks up on A’s implicit message—shouldn’t we be winding up—and follows through.

Expert chunking TK
Studies of expertise argue that experts chunk situations in their domains, recognizing large-scale patterns of significance, as in patterns of attack or defense in chess play. This allows them to encode complex situations parsimoniously in long-term memory. Thus, chess masters can memorize board layouts at a glance and play chess blindfolded. Similar phenomena have been documented in several domains.

Expert self-management TK
Bereiter and Scardamalia, as well as Eraut, pointed out that experts come to manage themselves well in their domains of expertise, allocating effort wisely, anticipating problems etc. This appears to involve TK.

Grammatical TK
This is a classic example of TK. We speak more or less grammatically in our mother tongues, we have a sense of what "sounds right," we can correct errors.


Extraído de Types of TK
D. Perkins, March 19, 2002

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